Closest packed means that the atoms are packed together
as closely as possible.
The
FCC unit cell is actually made of four cubic close packed layers (click
to show the unit cell with layers).
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The first layer of atoms
pack together as close as possible. (click
The next level of atoms settle into the crevices between
the first row of atoms.
(click
The next layer fits into the crevices of layer
"B", but there are two
possibilities. One possibility is to place the atoms
directly over the atoms of layer
"A". The other possibility is
to place the atoms over the the second set of crevices in
layer "A" forming a third
layer, layer "C".
(click
to compare where the second level
"A" and layer
"C" fit on top of level
"B")
If the crystal packs in repeating
"AB"
layers the crystal is a hexagonal close packed structure
(hcp); a cubic unit cell does not result.
(click
to show second level "A")
If the crystal packs in repeating
"ABC"
layers the crystal is a cubic close packed structure (ccp);
the result is a face centered cube.
(click
to show the atoms of layer "C")
Highlight unit cell
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