Questions for Dangerous Dan

 

Background on Cells

  1. Every living thing on Earth is made up of what?

Cells

  1. Who discovered the cell?

                        Robert Hooke

  1. What year was the cell discovered?

                        1665

  1. Cells are the building blocks for what?

                        Plants and animals

  1. What is the cell theory?

 

  1. What are membranes?

 

  1. Choose the best definition of an organelle:

 

  1. Does an animal cell have a cell membrane?

                        Yes

Parts/Functions of a Cell

  1. Where is the cell membrane located?

                        Surrounds the cell

  1. What is the purpose of the cell membrane?

                        Gives the cell support and allows substances in and out

  1. What is the gel-like fluid found inside a cell?

                        Cytoplasm

  1. The “Power House” of a cell is:

                        Mitochondria

  1. If Dan was to go inside the Mitochondria would he have to pass through one or two membranes?

                        Two

  1. The Mitochondria functions similar to what system found in Dan’s body?

                        Digestive system

  1. The purpose of the Mitochondria is to….

                        Break down food molecules so the cell has energy to live

  1. The process of creating cell energy is known as

                        Cellular respiration

  1. If Dan was to enter the Mitochondria he would be surrounded by fluid called:

                        The Matrix

  1. Where in the cell can oxygen and food molecules be combined?

                        Mitochondria

  1. True or False: cell walls are made of cellulose.

                        True

  1. Do animal cells have cell walls?

                        No

  1. What is the purpose of the cell wall?

                        Helps a plant keep its shape,

  1. Dan’s skeleton hold him up. What holds a 100foot tall redwood tree?

                        Cell walls

  1. Are there small holes in the cell wall?

                        Yes

  1. True or False: The liquid inside the nucleus is called cytoplasm.

                        False it is called Nucleoplasm

  1. Nucleoplasm holds what two parts of the nucleus?

                        Chromatin and Nucleolus

  1. In comparison to a Dan’s body what is the nucleus similar to?

                        The brain

  1. What is the fluid called that fills cells?

                        Cytoplasm

  1. What is the nuclear membrane similar to when comparing it to the entire cell?

                        The cell wall

  1. What is aloud in and out of the pores of the nucleus?

                        RNA and proteins

  1. What is the nucleolus made of?

                        RNA and proteins

  1. What are chromosomes made up of?

                        DNA

  1. How many pairs of chromosomes does the average human have?

                        23

  1. Cells with two complete sets of chromosomes are called­­­­­­­­­­­­­­___________.

                        Diploids

  1. What are the organelles called that help with cell division?

                        Centrioles

  1. What are the two dividing processes in a cell called?

                        Mitosis and meiosis

  1. During division, you may see groups of threads attached to the centrioles.  What are these threads called?

                        Mitotic spindle

  1. In comparison to a Dan’s body what is the nucleus similar to?

                        The brain

  1. What is the fluid called that fills cells?

                        Cytoplasm

  1. What is the nuclear membrane similar to when comparing it to the entire cell?

                        The cell wall

  1. What is aloud in and out of the pores of the nucleus?

                        RNA and proteins

  1. What is the nucleolus made of?

                        RNA and proteins

  1. What are chromosomes made up of?

                        DNA

  1. How many pairs of chromosomes does the average human have?

                        23

  1. Cells with two complete sets of chromosomes are called­­­­­­­­­­­­­­___________.

                        Diploids

  1. What are the organelles called that help with cell division?

                        Centrioles

  1. What are the two dividing processes in a cell called?

                        Mitosis and meiosis

  1. During division, you may see groups of threads attached to the centrioles.  What are these threads called?

                        Mitotic spindle

  1. When the cell is not dividing would you clearly see the centrioles?

                        No

  1. What is the condensed and darker area of the cytoplasm called?

                        Centrosome

  1. What is the period of time where the cell is at rest called?

                        Interphase

  1. The centrioles move to opposite ends of the nucleus and a mitotic spindle of threads begin to appear. This phase is called what?

                        Prophase

  1. The cell begins to split and the chromosomes begin to unravel and new nuclear envelopes begin to appear.  This phase is called what?

                        Anaphase

  1. _____________ are the protein builders of the protein synthesizers of the cell.

                        Ribosomes

  1. Ribosomes can be found where in the cell?

                        Floating in the cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

  1. What part of the cell is often referred to as a power house?

                        Mitochondria

  1. The process of creating cell energy is known as what?

                        Cellular respiration

  1. True or False: Mitochondria are very large organelles.

                        False

  1. How many membrane(s) do mitochondria have?

                        Two

  1. What is the fluid inside of the mitochondria is called?

                        Matrix

  1. The food producers of the cell are called what (hint: they are only found in plant cells)?

                        Chloroplasts

  1. Chlorophyll uses what to create sugar?

                        The sunlight

  1. What is the process that chloroplasts use to make sugar and starches?

                        Photosynthesis

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